Cell Cyle

 

1. The Cell cyle

• What is cell cycle?

  The cell cycle is the sequence of events that take place to enable DNA replication and cell division.

• What for?

  • The cell cycle is subject to strict controls that prevent cells with damaged or faulty DNA from further dividing and passing on defects to daughter cells.
  • Controlled cell death (apoptosis) is initiated if the DNA damage is irreparable.

  Disorders of these regulatory mechanisms play an important role in carcinogenesis.

  Proliferasi Sel

  • Pertumbuhan
  • Pemeliharaan homeostasis
  • Menganti sel yang rusak dan mati

1.1. Phases

• What is it?

  sequence of events that take place to enable DNA replication and cell division.

  • image

• Cell cycle Phases?

  • what is the 2 phases?

• 1. Interphase

  • What for?
  • What G and S stands for?
  • divided into? (3)

• G0

  • What period is it?
  • What happen?
  • What cell that include on G0?

• 2. Mitosis

  • What is it?
  • Phases (5)?
  • Image?
  • Different with meiosis?

1.2. Regulation

• Basic Principle
  • S phase initiation:
  • Tumor suppressors
  • Checkpoint
• Checkpoint and Transition Point
  • G1 checkpoint:
  • G2 checkpoint:
  • M checkpoint

1.3. Cell Types

• Labile Cells
  • characteristics
  • example
• Quiescent (stable) cells
  • characteristics
  • example
• Permanent cells
  • characteristics
  • example

Key Gene Involved in Carcinogenesis

• Proto-oncogene

  • What is it?
  • Function?
  • Examples?
  • CDK4 malignant?

• Oncogene

  • What is it?
  • Result?

• Tumor Suppresor Genes

  • What is it?
  • Function?
  • Example?
  • Mutation

• Nomenclatur (what if protooncogene?)

  Penandaan :

  A. Proto-oncogen dan oncogen : 3 huruf italik : ras.

  B. Oncogen didalam virus : v-ras

  C. Proto-oncogen didalam cell : c-ras

  D. Protein yg dikode oleh proto-oncogen atau oncogen mempunyai tanda yg sama, tetapi di- tulis tegak dan huruf pertama dengan huruf besar : Ras.

• Mechanism?

  • Protooncogene?
  • Oncogene?