Coagulant- Anti Coagulant

 

Hemostasis

• Definition

  Hemostasis is the processes involved in stopping hemorrhages, while hemorrhagic diathesis implies an abnormal and increased susceptibility to bleeding.

• Step

  (1) Vasoconstriction,

  (2) formation of a platelet plug, and

  (3) coagulation (secondary hemostasis).

• Solution

  • Styptics Styptics, e.g., aluminum solutions
  • Tannic acid
  • Hemocoagulase

• Antifibrinolytics

  Impair fibrinolysis, typically, by interfering with plasmin formation

  • Tranexamic acid: a synthetic lysine analog and inhibitor of plasminogen with antifibrinolytic action - Tranexamic acid 4.8%
  • Aminocaproic acid: a lysine derivative and inhibitor of the plasminogen-plasmin cascade with antifibrinolytic action - Epsilon aminocaproic acid

• Methods

  • Local- Topical Hemostatic Agent
  • Others

Anticoagulant

• Anticoagulant*

  warfarin (Coumadin®)

• Antiplatelet agents*

  • clopidogrel (Plavix®)
  • ticlopidine (Ticlid®)
  • prasugrel (Effient®)
  • ticagrelor (Brilinta®)
  • aspirin

• Direct-acting oral anticoagulants**

  • dabigatran (Pradaxa®)
  • rivaroxaban (Xarelto®)
  • apixaban (Eliquis®)
  • edoxaban (Savaysa® [Lixiana® in Europe,Japan, elsewhere])